Showing posts with label TV. Show all posts
Showing posts with label TV. Show all posts

Wednesday, November 5, 2014

XBMC 13.2 on CentOS-6

For a while I have been running XBMC 13.0 on CentOS-6. I turns out that there is a known issue in that version which prevents it from playing .m4a files.
The solution is to upgrade to 13.2 which for me means rebuilding a new RPM.
For you, that means downloading the new version from http://www.chrysocome.net/downloads/xbmc-13.2-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
And don't forget to get the deps from http://rpmfusion.org/ and EPEL.

Friday, May 23, 2014

Arduino IR Blaster

My IR blaster is built on a LeoStick which is an arduino compatible USB stick. I must be a sucker for punishment because I thought it would be easy to make one of the many IR libraries work on here and control my Samsung TV.

There were two problems with my plan. First, the defacto IR libraries don't allow me to use the necessary IO pins and second, Samsung IR codes are not supported.

Rather than detail what when wrong, I will present my solutions.

The first problem arises because the LeoStick has a green LED attached to Digital IO pin 9 which is the default PWM Timer used by Ken Shirriff's IR library. The solution is an updated fork of this library Chris Young which implements more Timer chips and enables selecting Digital IO pin 5. Do to that, edit IRLibTimer.h and find the section with the heading 'it's probably Leonardo' (the LeoStick is apparently compatible with the Leonardo). Comment out the default #define and uncomment the IR_USE_TIMER3. (I wonder why we can't select this at run time?). Based on the IRLib manual, I also installed my IR LED with whatever resistors I had on hand (470 ohm I think).

So, thanks to the hard work of these guys, I have got my LED working. Now, to make it talk Samsung protocol.

There were a few snippits of code in various forums but I had to piece that together into the format for IRLib. I have only added sending as I already have a list of codes from SamyGO and LIRC. The only code I wanted to use is TV_POWER 0xE0E040BF because once the TV is on, I can talk to it via the network.

I have submitted my changes as a GitHub pull request. If they are not accepted in the upstream library you can find them here https://github.com/jnewbigin/IRLib

The final piece to the puzzle is making the IR code send when I want it to. To keep this generic, I made my sketch read a hexadecimal code from the serial port. When it receives a code it just send it, thus allowing control over the time and the code. This could probably be integrated with LIRC but I am just using a simple shell command
echo 0xE0E040BF > /dev/ttyACM0

So here is my sketch. There is not much error detection in the serial reading but what is the worst that can go wrong?

/* Example program for from IRLib – an Arduino library for infrared encoding and decoding
 * Version 1.3   January 2014
 * Copyright 2014 by Chris Young http://cyborg5.com
 * Based on original example sketch for IRremote library
 * Version 0.11 September, 2009
 * Copyright 2009 Ken Shirriff
 * http://www.righto.com/
 *
 * Modified by John Newbigin to support Samsung and USB control May 2014
 */
#include <IRLib.h>

IRsend My_Sender;

void setup()
{
  Serial.begin(9600);
}

void p(char *fmt, ... ){
        char buf[128]; // resulting string limited to 128 chars
        va_list args;
        va_start (args, fmt );
        vsnprintf(buf, 128, fmt, args);
        va_end (args);
        Serial.print(buf);
}

// 0xE0E040BF = Power
void sendCode(unsigned long code)
{
   p("Sending SAMSUNG 0x%08lx\n", code);

  for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
  {
    My_Sender.send(SAMSUNG, code, 0);
    delay(30);
  }
}

unsigned long ir_code = 0;
void loop() {
  while(Serial.available() <= 0)
  {
    delay(10);
  }
  int incomingByte = Serial.read();

  int nibble = -1;
  if(incomingByte == 10)
  {
    p("Got newline\n");
    sendCode(ir_code);
    ir_code = 0;
  } 
  else if(incomingByte == 13)
  {
    // ignore
  }
  else if(incomingByte >= '0' && incomingByte <= '9')
  {
    nibble = incomingByte - '0';
    p("Got digit %d\n", nibble);
  }
  else if(incomingByte >= 'a' && incomingByte <= 'f')
  {
    nibble = incomingByte - 'a' + 10;
    p("Got hex digit %d\n", nibble);
  }
  else if(incomingByte >= 'A' && incomingByte <= 'F')
  {
    nibble = incomingByte - 'A' + 10;
    p("Got hex digit %d\n", nibble);
  }
  else if(incomingByte = 'x')
  {
    p("Starting number\n");
    ir_code = 0;
  }
  else
  {
    p("Got %d\n", incomingByte);
  }
 
  if(nibble >= 0)
  {
    ir_code<<= 4;
    ir_code+= nibble;
    p("Code is 0x%08lx\n", ir_code);
  }
}

Tuesday, May 20, 2014

Arduino on CentOS-6

I decided it was high time that I found a way to turn on my new TV automatically. After much research I decided that an arduino based IR Blaster was the way to go. I happen to have a Freetronics LeoStick which was given out a LCA in Ballarat a few years ago.

I recall at the time I could not get the arduino software to work on Linux (CentOS-5) so I resorted to using a Windows VM with USB passthru.

That was not going to cut it this time. I was going to use my full stubbornness to get it working on CentOS-6.

First of all, I had to get a copy of the IDE in RPM format. There was talk on the internet about just such a thing but I could not find an EL6 version. In the end I selected the Fedora 19 version which is suitable. The files needed are:
  • arduino-1.0.5-6.fc19.noarch.rpm
  • arduino-doc-1.0.5-6.fc19.noarch.rpm
  • arduino-core-1.0.5-6.fc19.noarch.rpm

There are also a number of other dependancies because the IDE does not actually do much. Luckily the other bits are all in CentOS-6 or EPEL so using yum you can get it installed without too much trouble.

Running the IDE however is rigged with rubbish about adding your user account to certain groups. This seems antiquated to me and I refuse to do it. There must be a better way.

An ideal solution would be that the USB devices are assigned to the console owner and it would just work like any other peripheral. The way to implement that changes with every version of RHEL/CentOS but after some sleuthing, I found the answer for version 6 and it is no too difficult.

To get this working there are four jobs:
  • Make sure the USB device ID is known to the USB TTY driver
  • Set the appropriate permissions with udev
  • Remove the restrictions on locking the device
  • Configure the IDE
The first job is not immediately obvious and may not be applicable on all versions of Linux. On CentOS-6 (6.5) is was necessary. As if by magic or just infuriating design, the USB device ID of your arduino can change depending on what it is doing. This can be exploited for good, say if you wanted to build a USB keyboard or mouse but if you are using the default serial emulation then it seems unnecessary. For me, the default id used by the boot loader (26ba:0002) is automatically recognised as a serial device and /dev/ttyACM0 is created (by the cdc_acm driver) but when my sketch is running, the id (26ba:8002) is not recognised. This means the device goes away which confuses the arduino tools (and me). This is easily fixed by running this command as root:
echo "0x26ba 0x8002" >> /sys/bus/usb/drivers/cdc_acm/new_id
For your board, the IDs may well be different so you much check with dmesg or lsusb.

This needs to be done after every reboot so it should be added to an init script
modprobe cdc_acm
echo "0x26ba 0x8002" >> /sys/bus/usb/drivers/cdc_acm/new_id
TODO: is there is proper place for this? modprobe.conf? /etc/sysconfig/modules/arduino? For now, /etc/rc.d/rc.local will do.
Device permissions on CentOS-6 are managed by udev. Most devices use the traditional user, group and permissions. However, devices which are shared (for example, with console users) are managed using ACLs. (check with ls -l /dev/ | grep +).

In order to set the permissions, the correct devices must be identified. For me, the device name is /dev/ttyACM0 but this does not hang round for long (remember about the changing ids?). It is only present while the arduino bootloader is running. dmesg can give you a hint but the easiest way to check the device name is the plug in the stick and immediately run ls -l /dev/tty*

Once you know the device name you can interigate it with udev
udevadm info -a -n /dev/ttyACM0
Again you must run this immediatly after plugging in the USB stick.
It will output many properties of the device from which you must find something unique. At first I though that 'ATTRS{manufacturer}=="Freetronics"' was a good value to check for but it turns out that when your sketch is running, that string is not present. Better is to use the USB vendor ID 'ATTRS{idVendor}=="26ba"'.  While I was at it, I also added the Arduino vendor code of 20a0. I could then make a new udev rule by creating the file:
/etc/udev/rules.d/52-arduino.rules
and adding the contents:
ATTRS{idVendor}=="26ba", ENV{ACL_MANAGE}="1"ATTRS{idVendor}=="20a0", ENV{ACL_MANAGE}="1"

Some sources also recommend preventing the Modem Manager from probing the device. You can do that by adding this line too

ATTRS{idVendor}=="26ba", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1"
ATTRS{idVendor}=="20a0", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1"

Once the file is in place, you can force the rules to be applies with the command
udevadm trigger

Now check the device with ls -l again (immediately after plugging in the stick) and it should look like this (with a + sign)
crw-rw----+ 1 root dialout 166, 0 Apr 24 23:08 /dev/ttyACM0

If so, check the ACL with  getfacl /dev/ttyACM0
getfacl: Removing leading '/' from absolute path names
# file: dev/ttyACM0
# owner: root
# group: dialout
user::rw-
user:jnewbigin:rw-
group::rw-
mask::rw-
other::---


Note that my username jnewbigin is granted access. You should of course see your username there. If so, job done.

The next headache is device locking. The default rxtx library wants to write to a directory it does not have permissions on. Fixing this was painful. All I wanted was a simple way to skip the locking phase in the rxtx library. I had hoped that there would be an environment variable which could tune the locking. According to the documentation, the only way to turn locking off is by recompiling. Luckily the srpm is easily modified. You can download my lock free version of rxtx from http://www.chrysocome.net/download

Almost done. I would have though that configuring the IDE should not be required but as it happens, you must edit ~/.arduino/preferences.txt and change
serial.port=/dev/ttyACM0

So now we have removed the requirements to add your user into the unnecessary groups. The script which runs the IDE (arduino) however still complains that you are not a member. The best solution would be to rebuild the rpm without that check (and add in the udev rules) but for now you can either select Ignore or edit /usr/bin/arduino and change the line
for group in dialout lock; do
to
for group in ; do

Perhaps I will repackage it with these changes.


And stay tuned for the working IR blaster code!

Friday, January 10, 2014

The new TV is almost here

Now that summer has hit, it is time to head indoors and tinker with the TV. Some clever planning when I last upgraded the disk in my CentOS-4 machine meant that the required partitions and space for CentOS-6 was available without having to alter anything.

That meant that installing CentOS-6 was relatively easy. (I did it the hard way and PXE booted off the work server via VPN). After a minimal install I configured the machine in puppet and managed to leverage most of my Linux SOE config.

After that was finished, I had a workstation but not a TV. Next step XBMC. That installed without any trouble but would not play any audio and the video kept going choppy. Not what I was expecting.

The choppy video was being caused by high load caused by the sosreport program. I don't know what crashed, and I don't much care. There is no point sending me an email about it.

I remember wrestling with this in the past without any satisfactory result. This time, rpm --erase sos did the trick. (I have to make sure puppet does not put it back.).

The audio seemed to be a problem with PulseAudio. I don't much care for this either. I have never needed it before and it does not appear to support S/PDIF / EC958 which I need so it has to go. Once again, no satisfactory instructions so rpm --erase alsa-plugins-pulseaudio seems required.

After a restart (I hate that!), all traces of pulseaudio are gone and XBMC is offering me S/PDIF again. Audio and video now working.

Next hurdle, Remote Controls. I have lots of experience with LIRC in the past because I had to make some modifications to the old version to get it to do everything I wanted. As hoped, there has been some improvement in this area but alas, also some steps backwards.

The first remote is a DVICO Fusion remote. This is a supported model but requires configuration in /etc/sysconfig/lirc and /etc/lirc/lircd.conf
/etc/sysconfig/lirc wants to know the device but it is a dynamically assigned USB HID device. This means UDEV rules ahead. It would be ideal if LIRC came with these but it seems not. Luckily I have my old EL4 rule but the new new udev uses a new format for rules. This was what I came up with in the end:
/etc/udev/rules.d/20-dvico.rules
SUBSYSTEM!="usb", GOTO="end"
KERNEL!="hiddev*", GOTO="end"
ATTRS{idVendor}=="0fe9", ATTRS{idProduct}=="9010", SYMLINK+="dvico"
LABEL="end"


Now I can configure lirc and it should work reliably (unless I have two receivers, which I do but I only use one!).

Copy the lircd.conf config file from the files supplied in lirc-remotes and that is ready to go.

It seems I still need to build a Lircmap.xml file for XBMC before it will work there. Lets hope I can find a sample on the internet. Writing XML by hand is not what I call fun.

The next challenge with LIRC is my IR Blaster which controls the stereo. This uses the kernel driver called lirc_serial. I understand that this is not an enterprise solution but if lirc_dev can be in the kernel, why no lirc_serial? Well, no worries, perhaps I'll find a package which has the driver. I do require that the driver will work after a kernel update so the atrpms package is no good. And is is only version 0.8 and I am using LIRC 0.9 (may not be an issue but I want them to match).

I guess I'll just build one myself.  Enter a world of 'lirc_serial: disagrees about version of symbol' errors. Briefly, some lirc drivers are now in the EL6 kernel. lirc_serial depends on lirc_dev. The lirc_dev in the kernel is back ported so checking kernel version numbers for the correct API does not work reliably. Also, modversions seem to be cached so once the errors are fixed, the resulting module still does not work.

Finally, I abandoned the LIRC build scripts and went straight to the kernel Makefile. After tweaking a few #defines I had a working build. I then packages in into an elrepo style kmod package and now I have a working ilrc_serial driver (which you can download from http://www.chrysocome.net/download). LIRC does not come with the definition for Panasonic remotes but I have the old one on hand which still works (yay). The LIRC init script does not handle starting multiple instances so I will have to hack that up too. At least I can specify the location of the .pid file which I think was a show stopper in the old version.

The next job is to work out if I can use my IR Blaster to turn the TV on too. For a SMART TV, there are not many options for turning it on...


Friday, November 1, 2013

XBMC on CentOS 6

After years of putting it off I have finally taken the plunge into XBMC.

My plan is to hook it up as a front end for the Digital ORB pvr.

RpmFusion have packages for XBMC version 11 for CentOS 6. This is a good start as many of the audio & video packages from RpmForge (which I am sure most CentOS 6 users have) are too old for XBMC.

Unfortunately there is no package for XBMC version 12 which apparently has much better pvr support. The bug database entry suggested that it would be relatively easy to fix... and it was https://bugzilla.rpmfusion.org/show_bug.cgi?id=2699

So now I have a relatively stable base to start my integration. Lets hope that I get it working before XBMC version 13 comes out and changes everything again.

If you want to run XBMC yourself, you will need my xbmc and taglib packages from http://www.chrysocome.net/downloads and any dependencies from rpmfusion and epel.

You can also get the Digital ORB from my downloads directory. It does come with instructions but has not been widely tested yet. Stay tuned.

Monday, September 9, 2013

Using xorg without a mouse

I always like it when I learn something new. Particularly when I read something one the web which turn out to work.

I wanted to find a way to move the mouse cursor without a mouse. I can actually do this with my lirc based remote but I have a new wireless keyboard for my linux 'TV' and I wanted to have a way to use that too.

A google search turned up an interesting page which suggested the X.org has this functionality built in and to my surprise it worked. It even had instructions for keyboards without a numeric keypad (like mine). Apparently "MouseKeys" and "PlotMode" has always been a feature in X.org and XFree86.

I must be in PlotMode at the moment which is quite slow. I will have to practice enabling Accelerated mode <Fn><Alt><Shift><Num Lock> should be the key I need.